A proposed funding structure can look attractive until the parties realise they have different understandings of who receives the output.

The investor may be discussing a net amount. The project owner may be thinking in gross terms. An adviser may expect a fee before the other allocations are calculated.

A clear distribution waterfall resolves these questions before activation.

Define the calculation basis

The waterfall is the written allocation of realised output between the approved recipients. The first task is to establish the amount to which each percentage applies.

Does the split apply before or after specified costs? Which fees have already been deducted? Who receives the balance?

Every allocation should reconcile to the same starting amount. A set of percentages is useful only when the parties agree what they measure.

Connect the project share to its purpose

The overview includes illustrative project structures with investor, project, reserve and approved-fee allocations. These are examples of how a discussion can be organised, not standard terms for every file.

A project share can be capped at an agreed target or released against milestones. The agreement should identify the recipient, receiving account or wallet, payment authority and evidence needed for release.

That gives the project a defined funding mechanism while preserving clarity over the investor's participation.

Decide what happens after the target

Once the project reaches its cap, the existing share should not be redirected informally. The documents should explain the next allocation or the process for approving a change.

Reserves, reinvestment and any equity or advisory participation also need clear treatment. They should not be assumed from a headline split discussed in an introductory call.

Reporting then connects the agreement to the actual payment: realised amount, deductions, allocations and receipts.

If you have a project and an identified investor, send the funding target, intended recipients and the commercial outcome you are trying to achieve. We can use those facts to explore a suitable proposal, subject to the qualifying position and programme acceptance.

Distribution splits are bespoke. Only executed agreements establish the recipients, calculation basis, fees, caps and payment instructions.

Written by Dean Pluthero

Intake, qualification and capital structuring at KMDT. Helping principals and properly mandated representatives prepare clear positions for institutional review.

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